64-bit MSVC Redist will get you nowhere for a 32-bit binary.......... you need it. If you use the exe installer, it actually installs it for you.
Unless you guys can provide further information about anything unique about your computer, steam configuration, or whatever, there is nothing we can do to help solve your problem.
Analogy- I go to the car repair shop and tell them my car turns on but shuts off after 30 seconds. He asks a couple obvious questions which leads him nowhere, then asks if he can see the car himself. You left your car at home. That is the position we are in right now.